What are the nutritional challenges of cystic fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited chronic disease of the mucus and sweat glands that can lead to severe nutritional deficiencies. This is due to the inability of the pancreas to produce or secrete enzymes necessary for the digestion and absorption of food. As a result, the body can be deprived of essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals, leading to growth and development delays, fatigue, and an increased risk of infections.

The primary nutritional challenge of cystic fibrosis is malabsorption of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. This can lead to weight loss, anorexia, and fatty liver disease. Additionally, individuals with cystic fibrosis can experience dehydration due to excessive salt loss, electrolyte imbalances, and impaired digestion. Furthermore, anemia can result from poor absorption of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12, as well as inadequate intake of these nutrients.

Finally, individuals with cystic fibrosis are at an increased risk for inadequate protein intake, due to their difficulty in absorbing and utilizing protein. This can result in a weakened immune system, muscle wasting and failure to thrive. As such, it is important for those with cystic fibrosis to follow a high-calorie, high-protein diet, and supplement their diet with vitamins and minerals in order to ensure adequate nutrient intake. In addition, exercise and proper hydration are essential for helping to maintain overall health and well-being.