How does cystic fibrosis affect the skin?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects the skin and other organs in the body. It is caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. People with CF have thick, sticky mucus that builds up in their lungs, pancreas, and other organs. This mucus can cause infections and block the normal flow of digestive enzymes and other substances, leading to a variety of symptoms.

The most common skin problem associated with CF is persistent dryness and itching, due to dehydration caused by breathing difficulties. People with CF often have dry, scaly skin, and may be prone to developing eczema, psoriasis, and other skin conditions. They are also at higher risk of developing skin infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus (staph) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These infections can be painful and can lead to skin breakdown and scarring.

CF can also lead to other skin problems, such as clubbing of the fingers and toes, which is a symptom of low oxygen levels in the body. People with CF may also experience brittle nails, and can develop cysts and other growths on their skin. People with CF may have a yellowish tinge to their skin and eyes due to an accumulation of fat in their liver. This condition is known as steatorrhea.