What are the risk factors for cystic fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. It affects the body’s ability to move chloride and sodium ions in and out of cells, resulting in the formation of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs, digestive organs, and other parts of the body. Several risk factors can increase a person’s chances of developing CF.

The most common risk factor is genetic inheritance. A person has a 25% chance of developing CF if both parents carry the mutated CFTR gene. Other risk factors include having a family history of CF, being of a certain ethnicity, and being exposed to certain environmental factors. People who are of Northern European or Ashkenazi Jewish descent have the highest risk of developing CF.

Finally, lifestyle and environmental factors can play a role in the development of CF. For example, exposure to air pollution and cigarette smoke can increase the risk of CF. Additionally, having a poor diet or not getting enough exercise can increase the risk. It is important to reduce risk factors by following a healthy lifestyle and avoiding environmental toxins.